The Past, Present, and Future: Hukou as a Social Status and Its Impact on Chinese Disabled Migrant Workers’ Social Mobility in the Labor Market
Main Article Content
Keywords
disability discrimination, hukou, China
Abstract
Liberalization has transformed the economy in China, but legacy policies such as the hukou system, undermine free movement of labor and embed discrimination in the labor market. Opportunities for social mobility are restricted for all migrant workers, but this article argues disabled migrants experience a form of ghettoization.
References
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Boffy-Ramirez, E. & Moon, S. (2018). The role of China’s household registration system in the urban-rural income differential. China Economic Journal 11(2), 108-125.
Bosker, M. Brakman, S. Garretsen, H. & Schramm, M. (2012). Relaxing Hukou: Increased labor mobility and China’s economic geography. Journal of Urban Economics 72, 252–266.
Chan, K.W. (2010). The household registration system and migrant labor in China: Notes on a Debate. Population and development 36(2), 357– 364.
Chen, Y. & Volker, B. (2016). Social capital and homophily both matter for labor market outcomes– evidence from replication and extension. Social Networks 45, 18–31.
Cooke, F.L. & Wang, M. (2019). Macro-level talent management in China. In Vaiman, V. et al. eds. Macro talent management. Routledge, London, UK. 64–84.
Fisher, K & Jing, L. (2008). Chinese disability independent living policy. Disability & Society 23(2), 171-185.
Foster, D. & Hirst, N. (2020). Legally Disabled? The career experiences of disabled people working in the legal profession. Full report. Cardiff University. http://www.legallydisabled.com.
Foster, D. J. & Wass, V. J. (2013). Disability in the labour market: an exploration of concepts of the ideal worker and organisational fit that disadvantage employees with impairments. Sociology 47(4), 705-721.
Gold, T. Guthrie, D., & Wank D. (2002). Social connections in China: institutions, culture and changing nature of guanxi. Cambridge university press.
Greenhalgh, S. & Winckler, E.A. (2005). Governing China’s population, from Leninist to neoliberalist biopolitics. Stanford University Press.
He, L. Phillips, M.R. & Zhang, Y.L. (2013). Employment outcome for people with schizophrenia in rural v urban China: population-based study. The British journal of psychiatry 203, 272-279. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.112.118927
Liao, Y. Wang, J., Li, X., & Liu, Y. (2016). Using spatial analysis to understand the spatial heterogeneity of disability employment in China. Transactions in GIS 21(4), 647–660.
Loyalka, K. Liu, L., & Song, H. (2014). The cost of disability in China. Demography 51, 97–118.
McElroy, M. & Yang, D.T. (2000). Carrots and sticks: Fertility effects of China’s population policies. AEA papers and proceedings, 389-392.
Qi, L. Liang, Y., & Wang, Y. (2015). Household registration reform, labor mobility and optimization of the urban hierarchy. Social Sciences in China 36(2), 130-151.
Song, Y. (2016). Hukou-based labour market discrimination and ownership structure in urban China. Urban Studies 53(8), 1657–1673.
Stone, E. (1998). Reforming Disability in China: A Study in Disability and Development. PhD thesis, University of Leeds, UK.
Xiao, Y. et al. (2018). How far has China’s urbanization gone? Sustainability 10, 2953-2969.
Nie, J. (2014). China’s one-child policy, a policy without a future. Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 23, 272–287.
Xu, S.Q. Liang, Y., and Wang, Y. (2018). The ‘Learning in Regular Classrooms’ initiative for inclusive education in China. International Journal of Inclusive Education 22(1), 54-73.
Wang, H. & Wang, Y.Q. (2015). Social stratification, institutional division and social inequality – a welfare sociology study of China’s pension system. Academics 1, 47–60.
Wang, F. Milner, C., & Scheffel, J. (2021). Labour market reform and firm-level employment adjustment: Evidence from the hukou reform in China. Journal of Development Economics 149.
Whalley, J. & Zhang, S. (2007). A numerical simulation analysis of (Hukou) labour mobility restrictions in China. Journal of Development Economics 83, 392–410.
Wu, X. & Zheng, B. (2018). Household registration, urban status attainment, and social stratification in China. Research in Social Stratification and Mobility 53, 40–49.
Whyte, M. K., & Parish, W. L. (1984). Urban life in China. University of Chicago.
Zhang, E.G. (2007). Employment of people with disabilities: international standards and domestic legislations and practice in China. Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce 34(2), ABI/INFORM Global.