Virtually Invisible Women: Women with Disabilities in Mainstream Psychological Theory and Research
Main Article Content
Keywords
women with disabilities, content analysis, psychology
Abstract
A classical content analysis of PsycINFO journal abstracts from 1999 to 2003 revealed that women with disabilities are virtually invisible in mainstream psychology. We explore the implications of this invisibility.
References
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American Psychological Association. (2004). Division 35: Society for the Psychology of Women. Retrieved December 1, 2004, from www.apa.org/about/division/div35.html
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Bowman, S. L. (2003). A call to action in lesbian, gay, and bisexual theory building and research. Counseling Psychologist, 31, 63-69.
Bradsher, J. E. (1996). Disability among racial and ethnic groups. Disability Statistics Abstract, (10), 1-4.
Cauce, A. M., Ryan, K. D., & Grove, K. (1998). Children and adolescents of color, where are
you? Participation, selection, recruitment, and retention. In V. McLoyd & L. Steinberg
(Eds.), Studying minority adolescents (pp. 147-166). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates.
Collins, P. H. (1998). It's all in the family: Intersections of gender, race, and nation. Hypatia, 13(3), 62-82.
Corbett, C. A. (2003). Special issues in psychotherapy with minority deaf women. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 311-329.
Crawford, D., & Ostrove, J. M. (2003). Representations of disability and the interpersonal relationships of women with disabilities. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 179-194.
Danziger, S. K., Kalil, A., & Anderson, N. J. (2000). Human capital, physical health, and mental health of welfare recipients: Co-occurrence and correlates. Journal of Social Issues, 56(4), 635-654.
Dotson, L. A., Stinson, J., & Christian, L. A. (2003). "People tell me I can't have sex": Women with disabilities share their personal perspectives on health care, sexuality, and reproductive rights. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 195-209.
Feldman, S. I., & Tegart, G. (2003). Keep moving: Conceptions of illness and disability of middle-aged African-American women with arthritis. Women & Therapy, 26(1-2), 127-144.
Fine, M., Weis, L., Weseen, S., & Wong, L. (2000). For whom? Qualitative research, representations, and social responsibilities. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.)(pp. 107-131). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Graham, S. (1992). "Most of the subjects were White and middle class": Trends in published research on African Americans in selected APA journals, 1970-1989. American Psychologist, 47(5), 629-639.
Lott, B. (2002). Cognitive and behavioral distancing from the poor. American Psychologist, 57(2), 100-110.
Lott, B., & Bullock, H. E. (2001). Who are the poor? Journal of Social Issues, 57(2), 189-206.
McNamara, J. R., & Fields, S. A. (2002). Perceived abuse and disability in a sample of Ohio's women's correctional population. Psychological Reports, 91(3,Pt1), 849-854.
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Mellegard, M., Grossi, G., & Soares, J. F. (2001). A comparative study of coping among women with fibromyalgia, neck/shoulder and back pain. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8, 103-115.
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Olkin, R. (2003). Women with physical disabilities who want to leave their partners: A feminist and disability-affirmative perspective. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 237-246.
Olkin, R., & Pledger, C. (2003). Can disability studies and psychology join hands? American Psychologist, 58(4), 296-304.
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Reid, P. T. (1993). Poor women in psychological research: Shut up and shut out. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17(2), 133-150.
Reid, P. T., & Kelly, E. (1994). Research on women of color: From ignorance to awareness. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(4), 477-486.
Reynolds, A. L., & Pope, R. L. (1991). The complexities of diversity: Exploring multiple oppressions. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(1), 174-180.
Romoren, T. I., & Blekeseaune, M. (2003). Trajectories of disability among the oldest old. Journal of Aging & Health, 15(3), 548-566.
Ryan, G. W., & Bernard, H. R. (2000). Data management and analysis methods. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 769-802). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, Inc.
Saris, R. N., & Johnston-Robledo, I. (2000). Poor women are still shut out of mainstream psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24(3), 233-235.
Sue, D. W., Bingham, R. P., Porche Burke, L., & Vasquez, M. (1999). The diversification of psychology: A multicultural revolution. American Psychologist, 54(12), 1061-1069.
Tate, D. G., & Pledger, C. (2003). An integrative conceptual framework of disability: New directions for research. American Psychologist, 58(4), 289-295.
Tomes, H. (2005). In the public interest: Civil rights for people with disabilities. American Psychological Association Monitor, 36 (6).
U.S. Census Bureau. (2003, January 21). Table 2. Resident population estimates of the United States by sex, race, and Hispanic of Latino origin: April 1, 2000, July 1, 2000 and July 1, 2001. Retrieved January 22, 2003, from http://www.census.gov/popest/archives/2000s/vintage_2001/US-2001EST-ASRO-02.html
Waldrop, J., & Stern, S. M. (2003). Disability status: 2000 (No. C2KBR-17). Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.
Women with visible and invisible disabilities: Multiple intersections; multiple issues; multiple therapies. (2003). Women & Therapy, 26, 1-2, 3-4.
American Psychological Association. (2004). Division 35: Society for the Psychology of Women. Retrieved December 1, 2004, from www.apa.org/about/division/div35.html
American Psychological Association. (2001). Publication manual of the American Psychological Association (5th ed.). Washington, DC: Author.
American Psychological Association Committee on Accreditation. (2002). Accreditation guidelines and principles for accreditation of programs in professional psychology. Washington: DC: American Psychological Association.
American Psychological Association Council of Representatives. (2002a). Ethical principles of psychologists and code of conduct 2002 (Draft 7). Retrieved November 14, 2002, from www.apa.org/ethics/code2002.html
American Psychological Association Council of Representatives. (2002b). Guidelines on multicultural education, training, research, practice, and organizational change for psychologists. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
American Psychological Association Office on Disability Issues in Psychology. (2004). Resource guide for psychology graduate students with disabilities. Retrieved December 18, 2004, from http://www.apa.org/pi/cdip/resource/disabledstudents.pdf
Americans with Disabilities Act, 42 U.S.C. §1630.2 (1990).
Banks, M. E., & Kaschak, E. (Eds.). (2003). Women with visible and invisible disabilities: Multiple intersections, multiple issues, multiple therapies. New York: Haworth.
Bowman, S. L. (2003). A call to action in lesbian, gay, and bisexual theory building and research. Counseling Psychologist, 31, 63-69.
Bradsher, J. E. (1996). Disability among racial and ethnic groups. Disability Statistics Abstract, (10), 1-4.
Cauce, A. M., Ryan, K. D., & Grove, K. (1998). Children and adolescents of color, where are
you? Participation, selection, recruitment, and retention. In V. McLoyd & L. Steinberg
(Eds.), Studying minority adolescents (pp. 147-166). New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum
Associates.
Collins, P. H. (1998). It's all in the family: Intersections of gender, race, and nation. Hypatia, 13(3), 62-82.
Corbett, C. A. (2003). Special issues in psychotherapy with minority deaf women. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 311-329.
Crawford, D., & Ostrove, J. M. (2003). Representations of disability and the interpersonal relationships of women with disabilities. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 179-194.
Danziger, S. K., Kalil, A., & Anderson, N. J. (2000). Human capital, physical health, and mental health of welfare recipients: Co-occurrence and correlates. Journal of Social Issues, 56(4), 635-654.
Dotson, L. A., Stinson, J., & Christian, L. A. (2003). "People tell me I can't have sex": Women with disabilities share their personal perspectives on health care, sexuality, and reproductive rights. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 195-209.
Feldman, S. I., & Tegart, G. (2003). Keep moving: Conceptions of illness and disability of middle-aged African-American women with arthritis. Women & Therapy, 26(1-2), 127-144.
Fine, M., Weis, L., Weseen, S., & Wong, L. (2000). For whom? Qualitative research, representations, and social responsibilities. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (2nd ed.)(pp. 107-131). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Graham, S. (1992). "Most of the subjects were White and middle class": Trends in published research on African Americans in selected APA journals, 1970-1989. American Psychologist, 47(5), 629-639.
Lott, B. (2002). Cognitive and behavioral distancing from the poor. American Psychologist, 57(2), 100-110.
Lott, B., & Bullock, H. E. (2001). Who are the poor? Journal of Social Issues, 57(2), 189-206.
McNamara, J. R., & Fields, S. A. (2002). Perceived abuse and disability in a sample of Ohio's women's correctional population. Psychological Reports, 91(3,Pt1), 849-854.
McNeil, J. (2001). Americans with disabilities: Household economic studies (No. P70-73). Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.
Melia, R. P., Pledger, C., & Wilson, R. (2003). Disability and rehabilitation research: Opportunities for participation, collaboration, and extramural funding for psychologists. American Psychologist, 58(4), 285-288.
Mellegard, M., Grossi, G., & Soares, J. F. (2001). A comparative study of coping among women with fibromyalgia, neck/shoulder and back pain. International Journal of Behavioral Medicine, 8, 103-115.
Olesen, V. L. (2000). Feminism and qualitative research at and into the millennium. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of Qualitative Research (Vol. 2nd pp. 215-255). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications.
Olkin, R. (1999). What psychotherapists should know about disability. New York, NY, US: The Guilford Press.
Olkin, R. (2001, January). Could you hold the door open for me? Paper presented at the
National Multicultural Conference and Summit of the American Psychological Association, Santa Barbara, CA.
Olkin, R. (2003). Women with physical disabilities who want to leave their partners: A feminist and disability-affirmative perspective. Women & Therapy, 26(3-4), 237-246.
Olkin, R., & Pledger, C. (2003). Can disability studies and psychology join hands? American Psychologist, 58(4), 296-304.
Pledger, C. (2003). Discourse on disability and rehabilitation issues: Opportunities for psychology. American Psychologist, 58(4), 279-284.
Rehabilitation Act, 29 U.S.C. § 705 (1973).
Reid, P. T. (1993). Poor women in psychological research: Shut up and shut out. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 17(2), 133-150.
Reid, P. T., & Kelly, E. (1994). Research on women of color: From ignorance to awareness. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 18(4), 477-486.
Reynolds, A. L., & Pope, R. L. (1991). The complexities of diversity: Exploring multiple oppressions. Journal of Counseling and Development, 70(1), 174-180.
Romoren, T. I., & Blekeseaune, M. (2003). Trajectories of disability among the oldest old. Journal of Aging & Health, 15(3), 548-566.
Ryan, G. W., & Bernard, H. R. (2000). Data management and analysis methods. In N. K. Denzin & Y. S. Lincoln (Eds.), Handbook of qualitative research (pp. 769-802). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage, Inc.
Saris, R. N., & Johnston-Robledo, I. (2000). Poor women are still shut out of mainstream psychology. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 24(3), 233-235.
Sue, D. W., Bingham, R. P., Porche Burke, L., & Vasquez, M. (1999). The diversification of psychology: A multicultural revolution. American Psychologist, 54(12), 1061-1069.
Tate, D. G., & Pledger, C. (2003). An integrative conceptual framework of disability: New directions for research. American Psychologist, 58(4), 289-295.
Tomes, H. (2005). In the public interest: Civil rights for people with disabilities. American Psychological Association Monitor, 36 (6).
U.S. Census Bureau. (2003, January 21). Table 2. Resident population estimates of the United States by sex, race, and Hispanic of Latino origin: April 1, 2000, July 1, 2000 and July 1, 2001. Retrieved January 22, 2003, from http://www.census.gov/popest/archives/2000s/vintage_2001/US-2001EST-ASRO-02.html
Waldrop, J., & Stern, S. M. (2003). Disability status: 2000 (No. C2KBR-17). Washington, DC: U.S. Census Bureau.
Women with visible and invisible disabilities: Multiple intersections; multiple issues; multiple therapies. (2003). Women & Therapy, 26, 1-2, 3-4.
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Published
Nov 26, 2014
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Author Biographies
Kristen J. Quinlan, University of Rhode Island; Rhode Island Department of Mental Health, Retardation and Hospitals
Kristen J. Quinlan, Ph.D., is now at the University of Rhode Island and the Rhode Island Department of Mental Health, Retardation and Hospitals. She has helped administer “Changing the Culture,” a U.S. Department of Education funded grant to foster the development of an integrative, accepting and facilitating environment for students with disabilities, and has published and made presentations relevant to disability issues.
Lisa Bowleg, Department of Community Health and Prevention; School of Public Health, Drexel University
Lisa Bowleg, Ph.D., is now at the Department of Community Health and Prevention, School of Public Health, Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA. She served as a Disability Resource Mentor at the University of Rhode Island and in that capacity was responsible for assisting colleagues to better support students with disabilities.
Susan Faye Ritz, University of Tennessee, Chattanooga
Susan Faye Ritz, M.S., served as a project managerof the Prejudice Research Lab at the University of
Tennessee at Chattanooga and has coauthored and
made conference presentations relevant to prejudice
towards people with disabilities.