Summer of 2012: Paralympic Legacy and the Welfare Benefit Scandal
Main Article Content
Keywords
2012 Olympic Games, perception of disability, disability benefits
Abstract
Through the summer of 2012, two sets of images dominated the British press: welfare benefits scrounger and Paralympic superhuman. Through one claimant’s traversal of the benefits system and against the heady backdrop of the Games, this narrative inquiry examines the profound and tangible consequences of these images, whilst offering hope for an abiding legacy that holds consequences for public perception of disability and the lives of disabled people.
References
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Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Long, J. (2012). Dispatches: Britain on the Sick: Reporter Feature. Channel 4, July 30. http://www.channel4.com/programmes/dispatches/articles/britain-on-the-sick-reporter-feature
Lusher, A. (2012). Paralympics 2012: from the battlefield to the sports field, meet the armed forces Paralympians. The Telegraph, August 26. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9496721/Paralympics-2012-from-the-battlefield-to-the-sports-field-meet-the-armed-forces-Paralympians.html
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Peers, D. (2009). (Dis)empowering Paralympic histories: absent athletes and disabling discourses. Disability & Society, 24,5: 653–665.
Phillips, M. (2012). Incredible Ellie and a triumph over the culture of victimhood. Mail Online, September 2. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2197331/Incredible-Ellie-Simmonds-triumph-culture-victimhood.html#ixzz25PUzbyWl
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Private Eye. (2011). Mutual Benefits. The Back, Private Eye, November 8. http://www.private-eye.co.uk/sections.php?section_link=in_the_back&issue=1301&article=450
Purdue, D. & Howe, P. (2012). Empower, inspire, achieve: (Dis)empowerment and the Paralympic Games. Disability & Society, 1-14.
Quarmby, K. (2012). Leveson is showing willful blindness towards disabled people. The Guardian, May 8. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/may/08/leveson-willful-blindness-disabled-people
Riley-Smith, B. (2012). Hate crimes against disabled people soar to a record level. The Guardian, June 19. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/hate-crimes-against-disabled-people-soar-to-a-record-level-7858841.html
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Steel, M. (2012). They can’t be disabled – they can swim. The Independent, August 29. http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/mark-steel/mark-steel-they-cant-be-disabled--they-can-swim-8084638.html#
Sturken, M. & Cartwright, L. (2001). Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Talsania, K. (2012). Are Sun readers ready to ‘Beat the Cheat’ armed with the facts? The Guardian, March 7. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/mar/07/sun-beat-the-cheat-benefits
Toolbox. (2012). Rep wants £200 to attend appeal with me…should I do it? The Full Facts, October 3 (online forum). http://thefullfacts.com/esa/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=2063
Topping, A. (2012). Locog hails biggest and best Paralympics in history. The Guardian, September 6. http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/sep/06/paralympics-ticket-sales
Toynbee, P. (2012). Celebrate Paralympians, but remember they needed state help to get there. The Guardian, August 23. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/aug/23/paralympians-state-help-disabled-benefits-cut
Tweedy, S.M. & Bourke, J. (2009). IPC Athletics Classification Project for Physical Impairments: Final Report – Stage 1. IPC Athletics: Bonn.
Void, The. (2012). Remembering Those Who’ve Died at the Hands of Atos ‘Healthcare’. Blog post. DPAC. August 29. http://www.dpac.uk.net/2012/08/remembering-those-whove-died-at-the-hands-of-atos-healthcare/
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BBC News. (2012). London 2012: Your Paralympic moments. BBC News UK, September 12. http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-19523781
Begg, A. (2012). It’s not the benefit fraudsters who are targeted in the media, it’s the disabled. The Independent, August 3. http://blogs.independent.co.uk/2012/08/03/its-not-the-benefit-fraudsters-who-are-targeted-in-the-media-its-the-disabled/
Briant, E., Watson, N., & Philo, G. (2011). Bad news for disabled people: How the newspapers are reporting disability. Glasgow: Strathclyde Centre for Disability Research and Glasgow Media Unit, University of Glasgow.
Brown, J. (2012). Atos assessor ‘forced to judge disabled fit for work’. The Independent, September 25. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/home-news/atos-assessor-forced-to-judge-disabled-fit-for-work-8168260.html
Channel 4. (2012). George Osborne booed at Paralympics medal ceremony. The Guardian, September 4. [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/video/2012/sep/04/george-osborne-booed-paralympics-video
Clarke, E. (2012). Shocking Research. Blog post. Green Benches. September 13. http://eoin-clarke.blogspot.co.uk/2012/09/shocking-research-shows-that-43-of.html
Collins, N. (2012). Made in Britain - stamped with pride on 2012. The Telegraph, September 9. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/paralympics-gb/9531662/Made-in-Britain-stamped-with-pride-on-2012-Lord-Coe-claims.html
ComRes. (2010). Disabled people invisible in Britain today. Scope, October 10. http://www.scope.org.uk/news/comres-poll
ComRes. (2011). Poll Digest: Social: Scope Discrimination Survey. Scope, May 15. http://www.comres.co.uk/poll/8/scope-discrimination-survey-15-may-2011.htm
Crow, L. (2010). Resistance: Transforming the Future. Paper presented at International Disability Studies Conference, September 7-9, Lancaster University. http://www.roaring-girl.com/productions/resistance-conversations/watch/
DCMS. (2012). Beyond 2012: The London legacy story. London: Department for Culture, Media & Sport.
Department for Work & Pensions. (2011). Fraud and Error in the Benefit System: Preliminary 2010/11 Estimates. Leeds: DWP.
Department for Work & Pensions. (2012a). Analysis of Incapacity Benefits: detailed medical condition and duration – update. DWP.
Department for Work & Pensions. (2012b). Training and Development: Revised WCA Handbook, ESA (LCW/LCWRA) Amendment Regulations 2011. DWP.
de Wolfe, P. (2012). Reaping the benefits of sickness? Long term illness and the experience of welfare claims. Disability & Society 27:5: 617-630.
Disability Rights UK. (2012). Press portrayal of disabled people: A rise in hostility fuelled by austerity? London: Disability Rights UK.
Domokos, J. (2011). Jobcentre staff ‘sent guidelines on how to deal with claimants’ suicide threats’. The Guardian, May 8. http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2011/may/08/jobcentre-staff-guidelines-suicide-threats
Disabled People Against the Cuts. (2012). The Closing Atos Ceremony. Blog post. DPAC. August 31. http://www.dpac.uk.net/2012/08/friday-31st-august-the-closing-atos-ceremony/
Edwards, C. (2012). The austerity war and the impoverishment of disabled people. Norwich: University of East Anglia/Norfolk Coalition of Disabled People.
Faculty of Occupational Medicine. (2012). Diploma in Disability Assessment Medicine. FOM of the Royal College of Physicians. http://www.fom.ac.uk/education/non-specialist-qualifications-and-training/diplomas/ddam
Garland-Thomson, R. (2009). Staring: How we look. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Gentleman, A. (2012). Disabled visitors say ‘Paralympic bubble’ does not reflect Britain’s reality. The Guardian, September 7. http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/sep/07/disabled-visitors-paralympic-bubble-reality?CMP=twt_gu
Goulden, C. (2012) The bitter irony of the hardening attitudes towards 'benefit scroungers'. Blog post. Joseph Rowntree Foundation. September 17. http://www.jrf.org.uk/blog/2012/09/hardening-attitudes-benefit-scroungers
Grayling, C. (Work & Pensions Committee House of Commons). (2011). Migration to Employment and Support Allowance. House of Commons: UK Parliament (Uncorrected transcript of oral evidence, HC 1015-iii). HC Deb 4 September 2012. Atos Healthcare Debate. c17WH.
Hevey, D. (1992). The creatures time forgot: Photography and disability. London: Routledge.
Holtzman, L. (2000). Media messages: What film, television and popular music teach us about race, class, gender and sexual orientation. New York: ME Sharpe.
International Paralympic Committee (2003). Paralympic Vision and Mission, in IPC Handbook, Section 1, Chapter 1.1. April 2003.
Jolly, D. (2012a). A Tale of two Models: Disabled People vs Unum, Atos, Government and Disability Charities. DPAC, April 8. http://www.dpac.uk.net/2012/04/a-tale-of-two-models-disabled-people-vs-unum-atos-government-and-disability-charities-debbie-jolly/
Jolly, D. (2012b). Presentation at Inclusion London: Re-thinking disability equality policy and practice in a hostile climate, September 27, London. [Video file]. Retrieved from http://www.livestream.com/ncodp/video?clipId=pla_34b7e309-78db-4353-80e9-fb52d29e399e&utm_source=lslibrary&utm_medium=ui-thumb (PM25’).
Journalisted. (2012). Paralympics, reshuffle and Nutkins. Journalisted, The Media Standards Trust, September 10. http://journalisted.com/news/weekly-digest-03-09-2012
Kohn, D. (2009). Did Insurer Cheat Disabled Clients? CBS News.com, February 11. http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-18560_162-529601.html
Lakhani, N. (2012). Paralympic sponsor engulfed by disability test row. The Independent, August 29. http://www.independent.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympics/paralympic-sponsor-engulfed-by-disability-tests-row-8084799.html
Lakoff, G., & Johnson, M. (1980). Metaphors we live by. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Long, J. (2012). Dispatches: Britain on the Sick: Reporter Feature. Channel 4, July 30. http://www.channel4.com/programmes/dispatches/articles/britain-on-the-sick-reporter-feature
Lusher, A. (2012). Paralympics 2012: from the battlefield to the sports field, meet the armed forces Paralympians. The Telegraph, August 26. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9496721/Paralympics-2012-from-the-battlefield-to-the-sports-field-meet-the-armed-forces-Paralympians.html
Lydall, R. (2012). London 2012 Paralympics: Channel 4 tells of shark attack and rail accident in ‘superhuman’ stories. London Evening Standard, August 17. http://www.standard.co.uk/olympics/olympic-news/london-2012-paralympics-channel-4-tells-of-shark-attack-and-rail-accident-in-superhuman-stories-8056807.html
Malik, S. (2012). Disabled benefits claimants face £71 a week fines for breaching work plan. The Guardian, September 3. http://www.guardian.co.uk/society/2012/sep/03/disabled-benefits-claimants-fines-work
Mosse, G. (1996). Fascist aesthetics and society: Some considerations. Journal of Contemporary History. 31(2), 245-252.
Morenatti, E. (2012). Activist Patrick Lynch sobs during a protest next to Atos’s London headquarters. The Washington Post, August 29 (photograph). http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/2012-paralympic-games-begin-in-london/2012/08/29/e759c3a6-f201-11e1-adc6-87dfa8eff430_gallery.html#photo=15
Moreton, C. (2012). Paralympic Games: Inside the theatre of miracles. The Telegraph, September 9. http://www.telegraph.co.uk/sport/olympics/paralympic-sport/9530103/Paralympic-Games-Inside-the-theatre-of-miracles.html
Morris, J. (2012). Presentation at Inclusion London: Re-thinking disability equality policy and practice in a hostile climate, September 27, London. http://www.livestream.com/ncodp/video?clipId=pla_34b7e309-78db-4353-80e9-fb52d29e399e&utm_source=lslibrary&utm_medium=ui-thumb (11’).
Mundy, J. (2011). Unum - The Outlaw Insurance Company. Lawyers and Settlements.com, April 13. http://www.lawyersandsettlements.com/articles/first_unum/unum-insurance-disability-claims-11-16462.html#.UGod0o4syr8
Newton Dunn, T. (2012). Blitz the £1.2bn fiddlers. The Sun, February 29. http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/politics/4161400/Blitz-the-12bn-fiddlers.html
Newton Dunn, T. (2010). Iain Duncan Smith on benefits Britain. The Sun, December 1. http://www.thesun.co.uk/sol/homepage/news/3254131/We-are-living-in-a-shirkers-paradise-in-the-UK.html
Office for Disability Issues. (2011). London 2012: A legacy for disabled people. London: ODI.
Peers, D. (2009). (Dis)empowering Paralympic histories: absent athletes and disabling discourses. Disability & Society, 24,5: 653–665.
Phillips, M. (2012). Incredible Ellie and a triumph over the culture of victimhood. Mail Online, September 2. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/debate/article-2197331/Incredible-Ellie-Simmonds-triumph-culture-victimhood.html#ixzz25PUzbyWl
Pring, J. (2012). London 2012: The Atos cover-up continues. Disability News Service, September 6. http://www.disabilitynewsservice.com/index.php/2012/09/london-2012-the-atos-cover-up-continues/
Private Eye. (2011). Mutual Benefits. The Back, Private Eye, November 8. http://www.private-eye.co.uk/sections.php?section_link=in_the_back&issue=1301&article=450
Purdue, D. & Howe, P. (2012). Empower, inspire, achieve: (Dis)empowerment and the Paralympic Games. Disability & Society, 1-14.
Quarmby, K. (2012). Leveson is showing willful blindness towards disabled people. The Guardian, May 8. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/may/08/leveson-willful-blindness-disabled-people
Riley-Smith, B. (2012). Hate crimes against disabled people soar to a record level. The Guardian, June 19. http://www.independent.co.uk/news/uk/crime/hate-crimes-against-disabled-people-soar-to-a-record-level-7858841.html
Shakespeare, T. (2012). All being equal: Personal thoughts about the Paralympics, Tom’s Notes. Facebook, August 29. http://www.facebook.com/notes/tom-shakespeare10150985733085653/all-being-equal-personal-thoughts-about-the-paralympics/
Sommerlad, N. (2012). 32 die a week after failing test for new incapacity benefit. Mirror, April 4. http://blogs.mirror.co.uk/investigations/2012/04/32-die-a-week-after-failing-in.html
Stanton, G. (1996). The 8 Stages of Genocide. Genocide Watch. http://www.genocidewatch.org/genocide/8stagesofgenocide.html
Steel, M. (2012). They can’t be disabled – they can swim. The Independent, August 29. http://www.independent.co.uk/opinion/commentators/mark-steel/mark-steel-they-cant-be-disabled--they-can-swim-8084638.html#
Sturken, M. & Cartwright, L. (2001). Practices of Looking: An Introduction to Visual Culture. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Talsania, K. (2012). Are Sun readers ready to ‘Beat the Cheat’ armed with the facts? The Guardian, March 7. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/mar/07/sun-beat-the-cheat-benefits
Toolbox. (2012). Rep wants £200 to attend appeal with me…should I do it? The Full Facts, October 3 (online forum). http://thefullfacts.com/esa/forum/viewtopic.php?f=22&t=2063
Topping, A. (2012). Locog hails biggest and best Paralympics in history. The Guardian, September 6. http://www.guardian.co.uk/sport/2012/sep/06/paralympics-ticket-sales
Toynbee, P. (2012). Celebrate Paralympians, but remember they needed state help to get there. The Guardian, August 23. http://www.guardian.co.uk/commentisfree/2012/aug/23/paralympians-state-help-disabled-benefits-cut
Tweedy, S.M. & Bourke, J. (2009). IPC Athletics Classification Project for Physical Impairments: Final Report – Stage 1. IPC Athletics: Bonn.
Void, The. (2012). Remembering Those Who’ve Died at the Hands of Atos ‘Healthcare’. Blog post. DPAC. August 29. http://www.dpac.uk.net/2012/08/remembering-those-whove-died-at-the-hands-of-atos-healthcare/
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Published
Jan 21, 2015
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Research Articles and Essays
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Author Biography
Liz Crow, Founder, Roaring Girl Productions; Graduate School of Education, Bristol University
Liz Crow is an artist-activist working in film, performance and text, using the power of creative work as a tool for change. She is founder of Roaring Girl Productions (www.roaring-girl.com) and a doctoral student at Bristol University’s graduate school of education.